敷
spread, pave, sit, promulgate
Readings
On'yomi
- フ
Kun'yomi
- し.く
- -し.き
Nanori
- しき
- にゅう
Meaning
敷 centers on laying something out flat and wide: spreading a cloth, paving a surface, or sitting down by spreading oneself. The promulgate sense extends this to spreading ideas or decrees widely.
Most common words using 敷
20 of 120- 屋敷やしきN1
residence; estate; grounds; premises; mansion
- 敷地しきちN2
site; plot; lot; grounds
- 敷くしくN3
to spread out (e.g. a futon); to lay out
- 倉敷くらしき
Kurashiki (city)
- 敷居しきいN1
threshold (esp. one with grooves for sliding doors); sill
- 敷きしき
spreading; laying out; covering
- 敷きじき
suffix indicating room size (following a number of tatami mats and a counter)
- 下敷きしたじきN1
desk pad; sheet of plastic (or cardboard, felt, etc.) placed under writing paper; underlay
- 座敷ざしきN2
tatami room; tatami mat room; formal Japanese room
- 河川敷かせんじき
flood plain; river terrace; riverside area; area between river and river bank
- 敷設ふせつ
laying (a railroad, pipes, naval mines, etc.); construction
- 風呂敷ふろしきN2
furoshiki; wrapping cloth; cloth wrapper
- お座敷おざしき
tatami room
- 敷き物しきもの
carpet; rug; matting; carpeting
- 敷金しききんN2
(security) deposit; caution money
- 敷島しきしま
Yamato (province)
- 花屋敷はなやしき
public flower garden
- 桟敷さじき
dress circle (of a theatre); (first) balcony; box
- 敷き布団しきぶとんN1
futon (laid on the floor); (Japanese) mattress; underquilt; sleeping mat
- 敷石しきいし
paving stone; pavement
Study
Etymology
敷 combines 旉 (spread out, arrange) with 攵 (hand action), reinforcing the idea of spreading or laying out by hand. The exact historical development of 旉 is uncertain, but the compound meaning is well established.
Meaning mnemonic
The left side 旉 looks like a cloth being spread out over a field 田 with a hand 攵 on the right smoothing it flat. Picture laying a picnic blanket: you spread it, pave the ground, and then sit.
Reading mnemonic
For フ, imagine spreading a huge futon (ふとん) on the floor: the first syllable フ of ふとん cues the reading while you lay it out flat.