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Kotomora

予

beforehand, previous, myself, I

JLPTN3StatusJōyō · grade 3FrequencyTop 200Strokes4

Readings

On'yomi

  • ヨ
  • シャ

Kun'yomi

  • あらかじ.め

Meaning

予 centers on the idea of something given or set in advance: beforehand, previous, or a first-person pronoun when the speaker is the one giving or offering.

Most common words using 予

24 of 322
  • 予定よてい
    N4

    plans; arrangement; schedule; program; programme; expectation; estimate

  • 予約よやく
    N5

    reservation; appointment; booking; advance order

  • 予想よそう
    N2

    expectation; anticipation; prediction; forecast; conjecture

  • 予算よさん
    N3

    estimate (of costs); budget

  • 予測よそく
    N3

    prediction; estimation

  • 予告よこく
    N1

    (advance) notice; preliminary announcement; warning

  • 予感よかん
    N1

    presentiment; premonition; hunch

  • 予選よせん
    N1

    preliminary contest; qualifying round; trial; heat

  • 予備よび
    N2

    reserve; spare

  • 予防よぼう
    N3

    prevention; protection (against); precaution

  • 予報よほう
    N3

    forecast; prediction

  • 予言よげん
    N1

    prediction; prophecy; prognostication; foretelling; forecast

  • 予めあらかじめ
    N2

    beforehand; in advance; ahead of time; previously

  • 猶予ゆうよ
    N1

    postponement; deferment; extension (of time)

  • 予知よち
    N1

    foresight; foreknowledge; intimation; premonition; prediction

  • 予備校よびこう
    N1

    preparatory school (for entrance examinations); cram school; cramming school

  • 予告編よこくへん

    trailer (for a film, TV show, etc.); preview

  • 予期よき
    N3

    expectation; anticipation; forecast

  • 予習よしゅう
    N4

    preparation for a lesson

  • 予断よだん
    N1

    prediction; prejudgment; presupposition; foregone conclusion

  • 補正予算ほせいよさん

    revised budget; supplementary budget

  • 執行猶予しっこうゆうよ

    stay of execution; suspended sentence

  • 予想外よそうがい

    unexpected; unforeseen; strange

  • 予防接種よぼうせっしゅ

    vaccination; inoculation; immunization; immunisation

Explore all words using 予 →

Study

Etymology

予 is thought to represent a shuttle or a tool for weaving, which later came to be used phonetically for 'beforehand' and as a first-person pronoun. The exact historical development is uncertain.

Meaning mnemonic

The shape 予 looks like a hand giving something forward. Imagine offering a gift in advance: that's the core of beforehand and myself as the giver.

Reading mnemonic

For ヨ, picture a yo-yo being handed to you beforehand: yo -> ヨ, and you receive it in advance.