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Kotomora

刻

engrave, cut fine, chop, hash, mince, time, carving

JLPTN3StatusJōyō · grade 6FrequencyTop 1,000Strokes8

Readings

On'yomi

  • コク

Kun'yomi

  • きざ.む
  • きざ.み

Meaning

刻 centers on cutting or marking with precision: engraving, carving, chopping, or mincing. The time sense comes from the idea of marking time in fine increments, like notches on a sundial.

Most common words using 刻

20 of 165
  • 深刻しんこく
    N3

    serious; severe; grave; acute

  • 時刻じこく
    N3

    time; (the) hour

  • 遅刻ちこく
    N4

    lateness; tardiness; arriving late

  • 刻むきざむ
    N3

    to mince; to cut fine; to chop up; to hash; to shred

  • 復刻ふっこく

    republication; reissue; reprinting; reproduction

  • 彫刻ちょうこく
    N2

    carving; engraving; sculpture

  • 刻こく

    period of time (usu. a period of approx. two hours corresponding to one of the signs of the Chinese zodiac)

  • 刻印こくいん

    engraving a seal; engraved seal; inscribed seal

  • 一刻いっこく

    a moment; a minute; an instant

  • 刻みきざみ

    mincing; cutting; chopping; notch; nick

  • 即刻そっこく
    N1

    immediately; at once; instantly

  • 刻々こっこく

    moment by moment; hour by hour

  • 夕刻ゆうこく

    evening; evening hour

  • 定刻ていこく

    appointed time; timetable; schedule

  • 小刻みこきざみ

    mincing; chopping finely

  • 切り刻むきりきざむ

    to hew; to chop up; to mangle; to mince

  • 篆刻てんこく

    seal engraving

  • 刻子コーツ

    pung; three-of-a-kind

  • 先刻せんこく

    a short while ago; just now

  • 翻刻ほんこく

    reprinting (of a book)

Explore all words using 刻 →

Study

Etymology

刻 combines 亥 (a pictograph of a pig or boar, here used phonetically for 'koku') with 刂 (knife), suggesting cutting or carving with a blade. The time meaning likely developed from the idea of marking or notching time intervals.

Meaning mnemonic

A knife 刂 cutting into a pig 亥: imagine carving fine lines into meat, chopping it into pieces, or engraving a mark. This precision cutting also reminds you of marking time in small slices.

Reading mnemonic

For コク, picture a cook engraving a design on a roast: cook -> コク, and the cook uses a knife to carve fine details.