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Kotomora

努

toil, diligent, as much as possible

JLPTN3StatusJōyō · grade 4FrequencyTop 1,000Strokes7

Readings

On'yomi

  • ド

Kun'yomi

  • つと.める

Meaning

努 centers on putting in effort: toiling, being diligent, and doing as much as possible. It's about applying force to achieve something.

Most common words using 努

  • 努力どりょく
    N3

    effort; exertion; endeavour; endeavor; hard work; striving

  • 努めるつとめる
    N2

    to endeavor (to do); to endeavour; to try hard; to work hard; to strive; to make an effort; to exert oneself; to devote oneself; to be committed (to doing)

  • 努ど

    third principle of the Eight Principles of Yong; downward stroke

  • 努ゆめ

    never; by no means

  • 努努ゆめゆめ

    certainly; absolutely

  • 努めてつとめて
    N1

    as much as possible; as far as possible; to the best of one's ability; diligently

  • たゆまず努力たゆまずどりょく

    untiring labor (labour)

  • 企業努力きぎょうどりょく

    business efforts; corporate efforts

  • 努力の賜物どりょくのたまもの

    fruit of one's labor; result of one's efforts

  • 努力も虚しくどりょくもむなしく

    after efforts in vain

  • 努力奮励どりょくふんれい

    making strenuous efforts; exerting oneself

  • 努力家どりょくか

    hard worker; hardworking person

  • 努力目標どりょくもくひょう

    goal to strive for; challenge

  • 努力義務どりょくぎむ

    obligation to make a sincere effort (to follow a set of rules, etc.)

  • 努力賞どりょくしょう

    prize awarded for good effort; consolation prize

  • 外交努力がいこうどりょく

    diplomatic efforts

  • 奮励努力ふんれいどりょく

    making strenuous efforts; exerting oneself

  • 奮闘努力ふんとうどりょく

    try one's best; all-out effort; strenuous efforts

  • 経営努力けいえいどりょく

    management effort; managerial effort; operation action

  • 自助努力じじょどりょく

    self-help efforts; independent efforts; self-supporting endeavor

Explore all words using 努 →

Study

Etymology

努 combines 奴 (which likely provides the sound) with 力 (strength/power), suggesting exerting strength or effort.

Meaning mnemonic

奴 (servant) on top of 力 (power) — a servant must use all their power to toil diligently.

Reading mnemonic

For ド, imagine a diligent worker saying 'do' as they put in effort: do -> ド, and they do as much as possible.