違
difference, differ
Readings
On'yomi
- イ
Kun'yomi
- ちが.う
- ちが.い
- ちが.える
- -ちが.える
- たが.う
- たが.える
Meaning
違 centers on things not matching: a difference or divergence between two or more items. The core idea is that something is not the same as another, so it differs.
Most common words using 違
23 of 229- 違うちがうN5
to differ (from); to be different; to be distinct; to be unlike; to vary; to disagree (with)
- 違いちがいN3
difference; distinction; discrepancy
- 間違いまちがいN3
mistake; error; blunder
- 間違うまちがうN3
to be mistaken; to be incorrect; to be wrong
- 間違えるまちがえるN4
to make a mistake (in); to commit an error; to get wrong; to do incorrectly
- 違反いはんN3
violation; offense; offence; breach; transgression; infringement; contravention
- 勘違いかんちがいN2
misunderstanding; mistaken idea; wrong guess
- 違法いほうN1
illegal; illicit; unlawful
- 違和感いわかん
uncomfortable feeling; feeling out of place; sense of discomfort
- 気違いきちがいN1
madness; insanity; madman; lunatic; crazy person
- 相違そういN2
difference; discrepancy; variation
- 違憲いけん
unconstitutionality
- 場違いばちがいN1
out-of-place; inappropriate; sticking out like a sore thumb
- 人違いひとちがいN2
mistaking one person for another; (case of) mistaken identity
- 食い違いくいちがいN1
difference; disagreement; conflict; clash; discrepancy; inconsistency
- 見違えるみちがえるN1
to mistake (for something or someone else); to be unable to recognize
- 筋違いすじちがい
cramp; sprain; crick; strain (muscle)
- 行き違いいきちがいN1
crossing without meeting (e.g. letters in the post, people on the road); going astray
- 食い違うくいちがうN1
to not match well (e.g. at the seams); to not mesh properly (of gears)
- 互い違いたがいちがいN1
alternate; alternation
- 間違いないまちがいない
certain; sure; no doubt
- 違いないちがいないN3
sure; no mistaking it; for certain; without doubt
- 一味違うひとあじちがう
to be somewhat different (from before, from others, etc.)
Study
Etymology
違 combines the movement radical 辶 with 韋, which likely contributes the sound and the idea of going against or diverging. The original sense is probably moving in a different direction.
Meaning mnemonic
The movement radical 辶 suggests walking, and 韋 looks like a guard tower or a walled enclosure. Picture two paths diverging around a walled area: one goes left, the other right, showing a clear difference.
Reading mnemonic
For イ, imagine two paths that differ so much they look like the letter 'E' and its mirror image: 'E' -> イ, and the difference is easy to see.