登る · godan verb (-ru)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 登る | 登らない |
| Polite | 登ります | 登りません |
| Past polite | 登りました | 登りませんでした |
| Past | 登った | 登らなかった |
| Te-form | 登って | 登らないで |
| Desire | 登りたい | 登りたくない |
| Potential | 登れる | 登れない |
| Passive | 登られる | 登られない |
| Causative | 登らせる | 登らせない |
| Causative passive | 登らせられるalso 登らされる | 登らせられないalso 登らされない |
| Volitional | 登ろう | |
| Polite volitional | 登りましょう | |
| Imperative | 登れ | 登るな |
| Conditional | 登れば | 登らなければ |
| Tara conditional | 登ったら | 登らなかったら |
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
Only when written 上る / 登る
Physical upward movement by a person, animal, or vehicle. 登る often emphasizes climbing; 上る can be used more broadly for going up a road, slope, or stairs.
週末に友人と山に登った。
I climbed a mountain with friends over the weekend.
If you go up this slope, you can see a shrine on the right.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
rise; ascend naturally
Only when written 上る / 昇る
Used of natural upward movement or appearance, such as the sun, moon, smoke, or steam. 昇る is especially common for the sun and moon; 上る is also used for smoke or steam.
The morning sun rises in the eastern sky.
Steam is rising from the pot.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
go to the capital
Only when written 上る
Old-fashioned or literary use for going up to the capital or a central city. Modern ordinary Japanese usually says 上京する for going to Tokyo.
In the past, many young people went to the capital in search of work.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
rise in rank; be promoted
Only when written 昇る
Formal or somewhat literary use for rising to a higher rank, office, or status. In everyday speech, 昇進する is often the more direct word for being promoted.
He rose to the rank of minister at a young age.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
amount to; add up to; reach a figure
Only when written 上る
Used when a total, amount, number, or damage reaches a stated level. The pattern is often 数量・金額に上る.
The damage is estimated to amount to 100 million yen.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
rise in price; advance
Only when written 上る
Used of prices or values rising to a higher level. 上がる is also very common in modern Japanese, but 上る can emphasize reaching or climbing to a certain level.
Crude oil prices at one point rose to a record-high level.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
go upstream; swim up; sail up
Only when written 上る
Used for moving upstream along a river or current. The route or river is commonly marked with を, as in 川を上る.
In autumn, salmon swim up the river.
The boat slowly sailed up the river.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
come up for discussion; be brought up
Only when written 上る
Used for a matter appearing on an agenda, list, or table for consideration. Common in the pattern 議題に上る.
That proposal is scheduled to come up on the agenda at next week's meeting.
The children are playing by climbing up in the tree.
Smoke rises into the sky from the factory chimney.
The damage this time amounted to 100 million yen.
That issue is scheduled to come up for discussion at the next meeting.
We headed upstream by boat toward the village further up the river.
He rose to the position of company president while still young.
昇進する is the direct, modern verb for being promoted at work, while 登る in this sense is more formal or literary.
上京する is the ordinary modern verb for going to Tokyo or the capital, while 登る in this sense is old-fashioned or literary.
昇る describes a steady ascent (like the sun or smoke climbing higher), while 立ち上る emphasizes the visible, wisp-like rising of vapor from a source.
ascent; uphill slope · upturn; increase; upward trend
doorstep; step up to an entrance