godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
Commonly used after に to mark a cause or reason: Xによる means that something is due to X or caused by X. The kanji 依る and 拠る can be used for nuance, but kana is the normal spelling.
火事は漏電によるものだった。
The fire was due to an electrical short.
この差は年齢によるものではない。
This difference is not caused by age.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
depend on; turn on; be determined by
Used when the result, answer, or decision depends on a condition or factor. Very common in patterns such as 場合による and Nによって違う.
行くかどうかは天気による。
Whether I go depends on the weather.
それは場合による。
It depends on the situation.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
be based on; come from; derive from
Marks a source, basis, or origin, as when a story is based on real events or a name comes from something. The rare kanji 因る or 由る can make the origin nuance clearer.
この映画は実話によっている。
This film is based on a true story.
その地名は古い伝説に由る。
That place name comes from an old legend.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
be based at; be headquartered at
Formal written use for being based in a location or organization. 拠る is the clarifying kanji, though It is usually written in kana; modern Japanese often uses expressions such as 拠点を置く for the same idea.
京都に拠る研究チームが調査を行った。
A research team based in Kyoto conducted the survey.