自じ発はつ

じ

は

つ

Common wordFreq.FrequencyTop 20,000

Meanings

spontaneity; voluntary action

General noun for acting on one's own initiative, without external prompting. Often used in compounds like 自発的 (spontaneous) and 自発性 (spontaneity).

〈人ひと〉の自じ発はつを促うながすto encourage someone's initiative/spontaneity
先せん生せいは生せい徒との自じ発はつを促うながす教きょう育いくを目め指ざしている。
The teacher aims for an education that encourages students' initiative.
自じ発はつを表あらわすto express spontaneous occurrence (of a grammatical form)
「思おもわれる」は自じ発はつを表あらわす表ひょう現げんだ。
"Omowareru" is an expression that conveys a spontaneous passive meaning.
自じ発はつを重おもんじるto value initiative/spontaneity
この会かい社しゃは社しゃ員いんの自じ発はつを重おもんじる。
This company values its employees' initiative.
自じ発はつの助じょ動どう詞しauxiliary verb expressing spontaneous passive
「れる・られる」は自じ発はつの助じょ動どう詞しとして使つかわれることがある。
"Reru/rareru" is sometimes used as an auxiliary expressing spontaneous passive.

自じ主しゅN1sense 1
自主 stresses acting independently without relying on others' direction, while 自発 stresses acting spontaneously without any external prompting.
主しゅ体たい性せい sense 1
主体性 refers to the quality of thinking and acting as an independent agent, whereas 自発 focuses on the spontaneous, unprompted nature of a specific action.

強きょう制せいN1sense 1
強制 means being forced or compelled by others, the direct opposite of 自発, which means acting on one's own initiative.

偶ぐう発はつ sense 1
偶発 means happening by chance or accident, while 自発 means happening through one's own voluntary will, so the two share the kanji 発 but describe opposite causes.

Compound of 自 (self) and 発 (depart, emit), literally 'self-starting'. The linguistic sense is a calque from Western grammar terminology.