起き伏ふく

き

ふ

く

Common wordJLPTN1Freq.FrequencyTop 50,000

起伏する · noun or participle which takes 'suru'

Meanings

Describes the rise and fall of land, waves, or a surface; often used in geography and landscape descriptions.

ups and downs; highs and lows

Figurative use for emotional, economic, or life fluctuations; often paired with words like 感情, 人生, or 景気.

〈場ば所しょ〉が起き伏ふくに富とむa place is full of undulating terrain
この地ち域いきは起き伏ふくに富とんだ地ち形けいで、ハイキングに人にん気きがある。
This area has richly undulating terrain and is popular for hiking.
〈事こと〉に起き伏ふくがあるto have ups and downs in something, such as life or a career
彼かれの人じん生せいには大おおきな起き伏ふくがあった。
There were great ups and downs in his life.
起き伏ふくが激はげしいto have dramatic, rugged ups and downs (of terrain)
山やま道みちは起き伏ふくが激はげしく、体たい力りょくが必ひつ要ようだ。
The mountain trail has steep ups and downs and requires stamina.
感かん情じょうの起き伏ふくが激はげしいto have intense emotional ups and downs
彼かれは感かん情じょうの起き伏ふくが激はげしく、扱あつかいにくい。
He has intense mood swings and is hard to deal with.
起き伏ふくのない〈事こと〉an uneventful, flat routine or life
起き伏ふくのない毎まい日にちを送おくっている。
I'm living an uneventful, unchanging daily life.

波なみN3sense 2
波 highlights a wave-like rise and fall (often emotional or economic), while 起伏 focuses on the overall pattern of ups and downs over a longer stretch or period.
凹おう凸とつ sense 1
凹凸 describes small-scale bumps and dips on a surface, while 起伏 refers to broader, gentler rises and falls of land or terrain.
変へん動どうN2sense 2
変動 is a technical term for fluctuation, often used in economics or statistics, while 起伏 is a more descriptive word for ups and downs in emotions, life, or terrain.
アップダウン sense 1
アップダウン is a casual loanword for the rises and falls of a road or course, while 起伏 is the more formal, written word for the same idea.

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高こう低ていN1
起伏 emphasizes undulation in terrain or emotional ups and downs, while 高低 simply points out the contrast between high and low points.
浮ふ沈ちん
起伏 describes ups and downs in terrain, emotion, or fortune with a sense of repeated fluctuation, while 浮沈 focuses on the broader rise-or-fall outcome, often of fate.
曲きょく折せつ
起伏 literally means the rise and fall of terrain and figuratively the ups and downs of life, overlapping with 曲折's figurative sense but focusing on highs/lows rather than complications.
波は乱らんN1
起伏 literally means rises and falls and is used for emotional or narrative ups and downs, similar to 波乱 in its 'vicissitudes' sense but without the connotation of trouble.

平へい坦たん
起伏 refers to ups and downs, whether in terrain or in a life or career, directly contrasting with the flatness or evenness described by 平坦.

Compound of 起 (rise) and 伏 (fall), directly expressing the concept of rising and falling. The reading きふく is the on'yomi of both characters.