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Kotomora

では

で
は
Common wordJLPTN5Freq.Top 5,000

Meanings

1

conjunction

then; well; so; well then

Used at the beginning of a sentence to move a conversation forward, introduce a topic, or draw a conclusion. Often a shortened form of それでは.

See also: それでは

2

interjection

bye then; see you

A casual parting phrase, often used alone or with また. Implies a sense of 'in that case, goodbye'.

3

expression

at; in; by; with; using

Compound of particles で (location/instrument) and は (topic/contrast). Marks a location, means, or method while implying a contrast with other possibilities. Often part of a larger phrase.

4

expression

if not ...; unless ...

archaic

Archaic conditional expression attached to the -nai stem of a verb. Equivalent to modern なければ or なくては. Rare outside classical or highly formal contexts.

See also: で

Usage patterns