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司る · godan verb (-ru)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 司る | 司らない |
| Polite | 司ります | 司りません |
| Past polite | 司りました | 司りませんでした |
| Past | 司った | 司らなかった |
| Te-form | 司って | 司らないで |
| Desire | 司りたい | 司りたくない |
| Potential | 司れる | 司れない |
| Passive | 司られる | 司られない |
| Causative | 司らせる | 司らせない |
| Causative passive | 司らせられるalso 司らされる | 司らせられないalso 司らされない |
| Volitional | 司ろう | |
| Polite volitional | 司りましょう | |
| Imperative | 司れ | 司るな |
| Conditional | 司れば | 司らなければ |
| Tara conditional | 司ったら | 司らなかったら |
Meanings
1
godan verb (-ru), transitive verb
be in charge of; manage; administer
Used when a person or entity has official responsibility for a function, department, or process. Often formal or organizational.
He is in charge of the human resources department.
This section manages the accounting.
2
godan verb (-ru), transitive verb
Used for ruling a country, governing a people, or having sovereign control. More elevated and less common in everyday speech than sense 1.
A king once ruled this country.
Usage patterns
- 〈物〉が〈事〉を司るfor an organ, body, or system to control a function
The brain is the organ that controls memory.
- 〈人〉が〈場所〉を司るfor a person to rule or govern a country or realm
There was an era when a king ruled the country.
- 神が〈事〉を司るfor a deity to preside over or govern a domain
That deity is believed to preside over good harvests.
- 〈組織〉が〈事〉を司るfor an institution to be officially responsible for a function
This department is in charge of personnel affairs.