固かたまる

か

た

ま

る

Common wordJLPTN2Freq.FrequencyTop 10,000

固まる · godan verb (-ru)

Form	Positive	Negative
Dictionary	固かたまる	固かたまらない
Polite	固かたまります	固かたまりません
Past polite	固かたまりました	固かたまりませんでした
Past	固かたまった	固かたまらなかった
Te-form	固かたまって	固かたまらないで
Desire	固かたまりたい	固かたまりたくない
Potential	固かたまれる	固かたまれない
Passive	固かたまられる	固かたまられない
Causative	固かたまらせる	固かたまらせない
Causative passive	固かたまらせられるalso 固かたまらされる	固かたまらせられないalso 固かたまらされない
Volitional	固かたまろう
Polite volitional	固かたまりましょう
Imperative	固かたまれ	固かたまるな
Conditional	固かたまれば	固かたまらなければ
Tara conditional	固かたまったら	固かたまらなかったら

Pairs with固める

Meanings

godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb

harden; solidify

Physical change from soft or liquid to solid, such as concrete, jelly, or wax.

セメントが固かたまるまで触さわらないでください。
Please don't touch it until the cement hardens.
冷れい蔵ぞう庫こに入いれたらゼリーが固かたまった。
The jelly solidified after I put it in the fridge.

godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb

become firm; become certain

Abstract use for plans, opinions, or resolve becoming settled or definite.

旅りょ行こうの日にっ程ていがようやく固かたまった。
The travel itinerary has finally become firm.
彼かれの決けっ心しんは固かたまっている。
His resolve is firm.

godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb

gather together; huddle

People or animals clustering in one place, often for warmth or solidarity.

寒さむくて、みんなストーブの前まえに固かたまった。
It was cold, so everyone huddled together in front of the stove.
ファンが選せん手しゅの周まわりに固かたまっている。
Fans are gathered around the player.

godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb

freeze; hang; stop responding

computing

Computing: a program or system becomes unresponsive.

アプリが固かたまって動うごかなくなった。
The app froze and stopped working.
パソコンがよく固かたまるので買かい替かえたい。
My computer freezes often, so I want to replace it.

See all 93 example sentences ›

Usage patterns

〈事こと〉が固かたまるfor a plan, opinion, or resolve to become firm/settled
留りゅう学がくする決けつ意いが固かたまった。
My resolve to study abroad became firm.
〈場ば所しょ〉に固かたまるfor people or animals to huddle together in one spot
子こ供どもたちは教きょう室しつの隅すみに固かたまっていた。
The children were huddled together in the corner of the classroom.
〈物もの〉が固かたまるfor a computer or program to freeze/stop responding
作さ業ぎょう中ちゅうにパソコンが固かたまってしまった。
My computer froze while I was working.

Expressions

雨あめ降ふって地じ固かたまるadversity strengthens the foundations; what doesn't kill you makes you stronger

Kanji

固harden, set, clot

Transitive / intransitive

固かためるN2
固める is the transitive partner meaning to harden or firm up something, while 固まる is intransitive, describing the thing becoming hard on its own.

Related words· 7

凝ぎょう固こ sense 1
凝固する is a formal, scientific term for solidifying (used for liquids, gases, chemical states), while 固まる is the everyday word for the same physical change.
決きまるN4sense 2
決まる means a decision or fact becomes fixed/settled, while 固まる in this sense stresses an opinion or resolve solidifying gradually.
集あつまるN4sense 3
集まる simply means people or things come together, while 固まる adds the nuance of clustering tightly in one spot.
フリーズ sense 4
フリーズする is a loanword verb used interchangeably with 固まる when a computer or program stops responding.

Show 3 more

こわばるN1
固まる describes a substance physically solidifying (liquid to solid), while 強張る describes muscles or an expression becoming tense and rigid, often from cold or emotion.
こごるN1
固まる is a general word for anything hardening or solidifying, while こごる specifically describes a liquid congealing into jelly, usually from cooling.
硬こう直ちょく
固まる is a common, everyday verb for solidifying or freezing up (e.g. jelly, or someone frozen with fear), while 硬直 is more formal and specifically emphasizes stiffness/rigidity rather than solidification.

Opposites

溶とけるN2sense 1
溶ける means to melt or dissolve, the opposite process from 固まる, which means to harden or solidify.
散ちらばるN1sense 3
散らばる means to scatter apart, the opposite of 固まる's sense of people or things clustering together.
とろけるN1
固まる means to harden or solidify, the opposite process to 蕩ける melting into softness.

Don't confuse with

凍こおるN3sense 1
凍る specifically means to freeze due to cold temperature, whereas 固まる covers general hardening from any cause, not just cold.
定さだまるN1
固まる refers to something physically solidifying or hardening, while 定まる refers to a plan, decision, or situation becoming settled.
丸まるまるN2
丸まる means something curls or becomes round in shape, while 固まる means something hardens or solidifies, regardless of shape.
まとまるN3
固まる means something physically hardens or solidifies into a solid mass, whereas 纏まる is used for abstract organization, agreement, or coherence.

Word family

乾ひ固かたまる
dry and harden; become dry and hard
凝こり固かたまり
coagulation; clot; enthusiast; fanatic
凝こり固かたまる
coagulate; harden; stiffen · be obsessed; be fanatical; be fixated
欲よくの塊かたまり
incarnation of selfishness; lump of avarice
鉄てつの固かたまり
lump of iron; iron mass; iron ingot

Written forms

固かたまるUsage86%
Standard kanji spelling for all senses.
かたまるUsage14%
Kana spelling is common in casual writing, especially for the computing sense.

Etymology

From 固い (かたい, hard) + まる (intransitive verb-forming suffix). The computing sense is a semantic extension of 'becoming unresponsive'.