控
withdraw, draw in, hold back, refrain from, be moderate
Readings
On'yomi
- コウ
Kun'yomi
- ひか.える
- ひか.え
Meaning
控 centers on pulling back or restraining: withdrawing, holding back, refraining, or being moderate. The idea is to keep something in check rather than letting it go freely.
Most common words using 控
20 of 54- 控えるひかえるN2
to be temperate in; to refrain; to abstain; to hold back; to restrain oneself from excessive ...
- 控えめひかえめ
moderate; reserved; modest; temperate; restrained; low-key; conservative (estimate); self-effacing; unassuming
- 控除こうじょN1
subtraction; deduction (e.g. of tax)
- 控訴こうそN1
appeal to a higher court; intermediate appeal
- 控えひかえ
reserve; spare; backup
- 控え室ひかえしつN1
waiting room; anteroom; antechamber; green room
- 差し控えるさしひかえる
to be moderate in; to be temperate in; to not do too much of
- 買い控えかいびかえ
restrained buying
- 手控えてびかえ
note; memorandum
- 基礎控除きそこうじょ
basic or standard deduction
- 手控えるてびかえる
to hang (hold) back; to hold off; to refrain; to reduce or cut back on
- お客様控えおきゃくさまひかえ
customer copy (of a receipt, etc.)
- お控えなすっておひかえなすって
please allow me to introduce myself
- コメントを控えるコメントをひかえる
to refrain from commenting; to not comment
- 主控えしゅびかえ
mainstay
- 売り控えうりびかえ
holding back (from selling); standing out
- 外国税額控除がいこくぜいがくこうじょ
foreign tax amount reduction
- 寄付金控除きふきんこうじょ
tax deduction for a donation to charity
- 年少扶養控除ねんしょうふようこうじょ
tax exemption for a child under the age of 16
- 所得控除しょとくこうじょ
tax deduction; deduction from taxable income; income exemptions and deductions
Study
Etymology
控 combines 扌 (hand) with 空, which likely contributes the sound コウ and the idea of emptiness or pulling back. The hand radical suggests an action of restraining or drawing in.
Meaning mnemonic
A hand 扌 pulling something back into an empty space 空: you withdraw or hold back, like pulling a rope to restrain something.
Reading mnemonic
For コウ, imagine a hand holding back a wild horse with a firm 'whoa' — the sound 'whoa' is close to コウ, and the hand restrains the horse.