以上
Meanings
not less than; … and over; … or more
Attaches to a number or quantity to mean 'at least that amount' or 'that amount or more'. Antonym: 以下.
Antonyms: 以下
There were 100 or more participants.
This job requires three years or more of experience.
Used with nouns expressing expectations, imagination, ability, etc., to mean 'exceeding' or 'surpassing' that standard.
The scenery was more beautiful than I had imagined.
His performance was beyond expectations.
Follows a verb (often in た form) to mean 'since having done that' or 'now that the situation is such'. Functions like a conjunction.
Now that it has come to this, I have no choice but to do my best until the end.
Since I promised, I must keep my word.
Used at the end of a speech, explanation, or list to indicate that there is nothing more to add. Often used alone as a set phrase.
That's all for today's meeting.
That is the end of my report.
Usage patterns
- 〈数〉以上... or more; at least ...
Those aged 18 or over should apply here.
- 〈事〉以上にmore than (expected/imagined) regarding something
This test was harder than I had expected.
- 〈動詞〉た以上はnow that (someone) has done ...
Now that I've taken it on, I should see it through to the end.
- 以上のとおりas stated/described above
As described above, I've summarized the content of the meeting.
- 以上ですthat concludes ...; that's all
That concludes today's report.