以い下か

noun, used as a suffix

not exceeding; not more than; … and under; … or fewer

Suffix attached to a number or quantity to indicate an upper limit inclusive of that number. Antonym: 以上.

Antonyms: 以上

• 参さん加か者しゃは10人にん以い下かです。

  There are 10 or fewer participants.

• この商しょう品ひんは500円えん以い下かで買かえます。

  You can buy this item for 500 yen or less.

noun, used as a suffix

below (a standard, level, etc.); under; less than

Suffix used with abstract benchmarks such as average, standard, or expected level. Often implies falling short of a threshold.

• 彼かれの成せい績せきは平へい均きん以い下かだ。

  His grades are below average.

• この品ひん質しつは基き準じゅん以い下かです。

  This quality is below the standard.

noun, noun which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

the following; the below-mentioned; the rest

Used as a noun or no-adjective to refer to what is written or stated below. Common in formal writing, instructions, and lists.

• 詳しょう細さいは以い下かをご覧らんください。

  Please see below for details.

• 以い下かの点てんに注ちゅう意いしてください。

  Please pay attention to the following points.

noun, used as a suffix

including ...; ... and other (employees, officials, etc.)

Suffix used after a title or name to refer to that person and all members of their group or subordinates. Often seen in formal announcements or organizational contexts.

• 社しゃ長ちょう以い下か、全ぜん社しゃ員いんが出しゅっ席せきした。

  The president and all other employees attended.

• 部ぶ長ちょう以い下か、全ぜん員いんが賛さん成せいした。

  The department head and all the members agreed.