noun
closed-list proportional representation
A proportional representation electoral system where voters cast ballots for a party, and candidates are elected in the order they appear on a fixed party list that is publicly available.
日本の参議院選挙では、拘束名簿式比例代表制が採用されている。
In Japan's House of Councillors elections, a closed-list proportional representation system is used.
拘束名簿式比例代表制では、有権者は政党名を書いて投票する。
Under the closed-list proportional representation system, voters write the name of a political party on the ballot.
Open-list proportional representation, where voters can also indicate a preference for a specific candidate on the party list, unlike the closed-list system where the party's order is fixed.
General term for proportional representation; 拘束名簿式比例代表制 is one specific type.
Compound of 拘束 (restraint, binding), 名簿 (list of names), 式 (style, system), 比例 (proportion), 代表 (representation), and 制 (system). The term describes a system where the party's candidate list order is binding (拘束).