according to; due to; by means of; depending on
A versatile phrase that follows a noun or clause. It can indicate a cause, a means, a basis, or a dependency. The exact meaning depends on context.
The result changes depending on your effort.
The train was delayed due to an accident.
You can get information from all over the world by means of the internet.
による is the attributive form of によって, used to modify a following noun directly (原因による事故), while によって typically links a cause or means to a following clause.
により is a more formal, written variant of によって, common in news reports, legal text, and academic writing.
で is a simple particle that can also mark cause or means, but によって is more explicit and sounds more formal than で.
によって is the common, neutral way to express means or cause, while 以て is more formal and typically appears in official or written announcements.
によって also expresses reason or means ('by; due to'), but をもって is more formal and often restricted to fixed, official expressions.
によって is the general particle for 'by/due to' a cause or agent, while ことによって specifically nominalizes an action to mean 'by doing (something)'.
によって can also mean 'depending on,' but 次第 is suffix-like and stresses that the outcome rests entirely on that factor or person.
によって is the more common, neutral way to express means or cause, while ことにより is a more formal, often written equivalent used in explanations or official contexts.
Applies to each form listed below
Rare kanji form; 因 suggests cause or reason.
Rare kanji form; 依 suggests dependence or basis.
Compound of the particle に and the te-form of the verb よる (因る・依る), meaning 'to be based on' or 'to depend on'.
によって expresses cause or means in ordinary speech and writing, whereas に付き in its 'because of' sense is confined to formal notices.
によって is the modern, common way to mark the agent or means of an action, while おいて in this sense sounds old-fashioned and stiff.