also: まんま
noun, adverb
as is; unchanged; remaining in the same state
Indicates that something stays in its current state without change. Often follows nouns, adjectives, or verbs in the past tense.
窓を開けたまま寝てしまった。
I fell asleep with the window open.
Please leave it as it is.
noun, adverb
while (in a state); with (something done)
Follows a past-tense verb describing a state, indicating that the action is done while that state persists. Common with verbs like 立つ, 座る, 閉じる.
彼は立ったまま話し続けた。
He kept talking while standing.
目を閉じたまま音楽を聴いた。
I listened to music with my eyes closed.
noun
as (one pleases); according to
Used in the pattern 〜にまま to mean 'as one wishes' or 'according to'. Often with verbs like 言う, する, 任せる.
自分の思うままに行動した。
I acted as I pleased.
言われるままにお金を払った。
I paid the money as I was told.
noun
Only with reading ママ
Editorial notation indicating that a quoted passage is transcribed exactly as, including any errors or unusual features. Typically written in katakana as ママ.
See also: 原文のママ
原文のママ引用します。
I quote the original text verbatim (including any errors).