命ずる
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命ずる · zuru verb
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 命ずる | 命じない |
| Polite | 命じます | 命じません |
| Past polite | 命じました | 命じませんでした |
| Past | 命じた | 命じなかった |
| Te-form | 命じて | 命じないで |
| Desire | 命じたい | 命じたくない |
| Potential | 命じられるalso formal 命ぜられる | 命じられないalso formal 命ぜられない |
| Passive | 命じられるalso formal 命ぜられる | 命じられないalso formal 命ぜられない |
| Causative | 命じさせる | 命じさせない |
| Causative passive | 命じさせられる | 命じさせられない |
| Volitional | 命じよう | |
| Polite volitional | 命じましょう | |
| Imperative | 命じろalso written 命ぜよ | 命ずるな |
| Conditional | 命じればalso 命ずれば | 命じなければ |
| Tara conditional | 命じたら | 命じなかったら |
Meanings
1
zuru verb, transitive verb
Used when a person in authority gives a direct order or command. Often appears in formal or written contexts.
The boss ordered the subordinate to work overtime.
The judge commanded the witness to tell the truth.
2
zuru verb, transitive verb
Used when someone is officially appointed to a position or role. Common in organizational and governmental contexts.
The president appointed him as the new branch manager.
Usage patterns
- 〈人〉に〈事〉を命ずるto order someone to do something
The commanding officer ordered his subordinates to withdraw.
- 〈人〉を〈役職〉に命ずるto appoint someone to a post
The president appointed him as the new department head.
- 〈人〉に〈場所〉への転勤を命ずるto order someone's transfer to a place
The company ordered his transfer to Osaka.