抑える · ichidan verb
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 抑える | 抑えない |
| Polite | 抑えます | 抑えません |
| Past polite | 抑えました | 抑えませんでした |
| Past | 抑えた | 抑えなかった |
| Te-form | 抑えて | 抑えないで |
| Desire | 抑えたい | 抑えたくない |
| Potential | 抑えられるalso 抑えれる | 抑えられないalso 抑えれない |
| Passive | 抑えられる | 抑えられない |
| Causative | 抑えさせる | 抑えさせない |
| Causative passive | 抑えさせられる | 抑えさせられない |
| Volitional | 抑えよう | |
| Polite volitional | 抑えましょう | |
| Imperative | 抑えろ | 抑えるな |
| Conditional | 抑えれば | 抑えなければ |
| Tara conditional | 抑えたら | 抑えなかったら |
ichidan verb, transitive verb
keep within limits; restrain; control; curb
Used for controlling abstract things like spending, emotions, impulses, or growth. Often implies keeping something from exceeding a desired level.
I restrained my emotions and spoke calmly.
The government raised interest rates to curb inflation.
ichidan verb, transitive verb
hold back; check; contain; suppress
Used for physically or forcefully stopping an enemy, crowd, riot, or threat. Also used for suppressing rebellion or unrest. Cross-referenced with 押さえる sense 6.
See also: 押さえる (おさえる)
The police struggled to contain the demonstrators.
Troops were dispatched to suppress the rebellion.
He held back his anger and spoke calmly.
They won by holding the opponent to just one point.
The police were deployed to suppress the riot.
I try to keep my spending down in order to save money.
The government announced a policy to curb the rise in prices.
抑える is the general verb for holding back or suppressing an emotion or reaction, while 殺す in this sense is used specifically for forcibly stifling something like a laugh or voice.
抑える is a broader synonym for 止める meaning to hold back or suppress emotions or urges, while 止める with body-related nouns often means to physically stop something like a cough or bleeding.
抑える focuses on holding down or suppressing something like emotion or cost, while 留める focuses on keeping something within a set limit or boundary.
抑える means to hold back or suppress something (like emotion or a rise), whereas 弱める means to reduce its strength or intensity directly.
抑える is used for suppressing or controlling things like emotions, prices, or growth in general, while 食い止める focuses on halting the advance of something harmful like a disease or invasion.
抑える is the plain verb for holding back an emotion, while 禁ずる in this sense appears almost only in the fixed literary form 禁じ得ない.
抑える means to suppress or hold back an emotion or urge in general, while 飲み込む specifically evokes swallowing back words or tears with visible restraint.