余
Meanings
noun which may take the genitive case particle 'no', noun
other; another; remaining; leftover
Used as a noun or no-adjective to refer to something else, the rest, or what is left over. Common in phrases like 余の者 (the others) or 余の時間 (remaining time).
The others went on ahead.
I finished shopping in the remaining time.
Used as a suffix after numbers or quantities to mean 'more than' or 'over'. Often seen in formal or written contexts, e.g., 千余 (over a thousand).
Over a thousand people live in this town.
He is a craftsman with over thirty years of experience.
Only when written 余
Formal or literary first-person pronoun, used mainly by men. Restricted to the kanji 余. Archaic in modern conversation; may appear in historical or dramatic contexts.
See also: 予 (よ)
I am the lord of this castle.
No one knows my name.
Usage patterns
- 〈数〉余over/more than [a given number]
The number of participants exceeded a hundred.
- 余の〈物〉the other/remaining [thing]
You may use the remaining time freely.
Expressions· 8
- 余の儀another method; another problem
- 余念がないsingle-minded; completely absorbed; devoted entirely to one thing
- よそにするneglect; ignore; treat as a stranger
- 余裕をかますfeign composure; act like one has something to spare
- 余儀なくされるbe forced to; have no choice but to
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- 余命いくばくもないhaving little time left to live; one's days are numbered
- 余人をもって代えがたいhard to replace (with another person); irreplaceable (person)
- 余の辞書に不可能という文字はないthe word impossible is not in my dictionary