及ぶ · godan verb (-bu)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 及ぶ | 及ばない |
| Polite | 及びます | 及びません |
| Past polite | 及びました | 及びませんでした |
| Past | 及んだ | 及ばなかった |
| Te-form | 及んで | 及ばないで |
| Desire | 及びたい | 及びたくない |
| Potential | 及べる | 及べない |
| Passive | 及ばれる | 及ばれない |
| Causative | 及ばせる | 及ばせない |
| Causative passive | 及ばせられるalso 及ばされる | 及ばせられないalso 及ばされない |
| Volitional | 及ぼう | |
| Polite volitional | 及びましょう | |
| Imperative | 及べ | 及ぶな |
| Conditional | 及べば | 及ばなければ |
| Tara conditional | 及んだら | 及ばなかったら |
godan verb (-bu), intransitive verb
reach; extend to; amount to
Broad intransitive use for physical reach, temporal extent, or numerical amount. Often used with に or まで.
The damage extended to the neighboring prefecture.
The meeting went on until late at night.
godan verb (-bu), intransitive verb
match; compare with; be up to
Used in comparisons, often in negative or conditional forms, to say something does not reach a certain level or standard. Common patterns: ～に及ばない, ～には及ばない.
His ability is no match for a professional's.
In this respect, I cannot compare with you.
godan verb (-bu), intransitive verb
resort to; go so far as to
Used when someone goes as far as doing something extreme or undesirable, often with nouns like 犯罪 (crime) or 暴力 (violence).
See also: 犯罪に及ぶ
He finally resorted to violence.
godan verb (-bu), intransitive verb
require; be necessary
Almost always used in the negative form には及ばない, meaning 'there is no need to' or 'it is not necessary to'. A polite, slightly formal expression.
See also: には及ばない
There is no need for you to come all this way.
The damage amounted to 100 million yen.
I'm no match for his skill.
The argument finally escalated into violence.
There's no need to go out of your way to come.
The effects extended all over the world.
to think of; to hit upon; to realize
hear of; learn of