買う
買う · godan verb (-u)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 買う | 買わない |
| Polite | 買います | 買いません |
| Past polite | 買いました | 買いませんでした |
| Past | 買った | 買わなかった |
| Te-form | 買って | 買わないで |
| Desire | 買いたい | 買いたくない |
| Potential | 買える | 買えない |
| Passive | 買われる | 買われない |
| Causative | 買わせる | 買わせない |
| Causative passive | 買わせられるalso 買わされる | 買わせられないalso 買わされない |
| Volitional | 買おう | |
| Polite volitional | 買いましょう | |
| Imperative | 買え | 買うな |
| Conditional | 買えば | 買わなければ |
| Tara conditional | 買ったら | 買わなかったら |
Meanings
godan verb (-u), transitive verb
The basic everyday meaning: to pay money and get something. This is a transitive verb, typically used as Xを買う.
I bought souvenirs near the station.
godan verb (-u), transitive verb
value highly; think highly of; appreciate
Used when someone recognizes and values a person's ability, qualities, experience, or potential. Common in forms such as 才能を買う and 実力を買われる.
The company president thinks highly of his sales ability.
godan verb (-u), transitive verb
incur; invite; arouse; win favor
Used with an emotional or social reaction as the object. It is often negative, as in 怒りを買う, 反感を買う, ひんしゅくを買う, or 失笑を買う, but can also be positive in phrases such as 歓心を買う.
The careless remark incurred the customer's anger.
He tried to win his boss's favor with flattery.
godan verb (-u), transitive verb
Limited idiomatic use for accepting or taking up something offered, especially a provocation or challenge. Do not use it as a general replacement for 受ける or 引き受ける.
Don't take up a fight someone is trying to pick with you.
godan verb (-u), transitive verb
pay for a prostitute; hire a geisha
Adult and blunt use for paying for sexual services, especially in 女を買う. The geisha-related use is old-fashioned or historical in feel.
He would never do something like pay for a woman.
The expression “hire a geisha” appears in old novels.
Usage patterns
- 〈人〉に〈物〉を買うto buy something for someone
I bought a ring for my girlfriend.
- 〈人〉の才能を買うto value someone's talent highly
My boss thinks highly of his talent.
- 〈人〉の歓心を買うto win someone's favor
Some employees try to win their boss's favor.
- 〈事〉を買って出るto volunteer to take on something
He volunteered to take on the difficult job.
- 実力を買われて〈事〉to be given something because one's ability is highly valued
He was chosen as leader because his ability was highly valued.