反する · suru verb (special)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 反する | 反さない |
| Polite | 反します | 反しません |
| Past polite | 反しました | 反しませんでした |
| Past | 反した | 反さなかった |
| Te-form | 反して | 反さないで |
| Desire | 反したい | 反したくない |
| Potential | 反せる | 反せない |
| Passive | 反されるalso formal 反せられる | 反されないalso formal 反せられない |
| Causative | 反させる | 反させない |
| Causative passive | 反させられる | 反させられない |
| Volitional | 反そう | |
| Polite volitional | 反しましょう | |
| Imperative | 反せ | 反するな |
| Conditional | 反せば | 反さなければ |
| Tara conditional | 反したら | 反さなかったら |
suru verb (special), intransitive verb
be contrary to; go against; contradict
Used when something conflicts with expectations, rules, principles, or another statement. Often appears as ～に反する.
His actions go against the rules.
その噂は事実に反する。
That rumor contradicts the facts.
suru verb (special), intransitive verb
Specifically for breaking laws, agreements, or formal rules. Stronger than sense 1.
その行為は法律に反する。
That act violates the law.
suru verb (special), intransitive verb
Used for defying orders, teachings, or authority. The kanji 叛する is sometimes used for this sense.
生徒は先生の指示に反した。
The student disobeyed the teacher's instructions.
彼は親の教えに反して家を出た。
He left home against his parents' teachings.
His opinion goes against common social sense.
Contrary to expectations, he passed the exam.
That method violates the company's rules.
He acted on his own, defying his boss's orders.
反する is used broadly for going against rules, laws, or expectations, while 違える is more often used with specific objects like 約束 or 道理.
反する means to go against or contradict a rule or policy, the opposite of 沿う, which means to follow or align with it.
適う means to conform to a standard or condition, while 反する means to go against or violate it.