なる
成る · godan verb (-ru)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 成る | 成らない |
| Polite | 成ります | 成りません |
| Past polite | 成りました | 成りませんでした |
| Past | 成った | 成らなかった |
| Te-form | 成って | 成らないで |
| Desire | 成りたい | 成りたくない |
| Potential | 成れる | 成れない |
| Passive | 成られる | 成られない |
| Causative | 成らせる | 成らせない |
| Causative passive | 成らせられるalso 成らされる | 成らせられないalso 成らされない |
| Volitional | 成ろう | |
| Polite volitional | 成りましょう | |
| Imperative | 成れ | 成るな |
| Conditional | 成れば | 成らなければ |
| Tara conditional | 成ったら | 成らなかったら |
Meanings
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
Broad intransitive change-of-state: becoming something, reaching a state, or turning into something. Covers physical, emotional, and abstract changes.
He became a doctor.
It's gradually getting colder.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
result in; turn out; end up; prove to be
Focuses on the outcome or conclusion of a process. Often used with ことになる for decisions or arrangements.
It has been decided that the meeting will be held next week.
We were worried, but the result turned out to be a great success.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
consist of; be composed of; be made up of
Used in the pattern 〜からなる or 〜よりなる to describe what something is made of or comprises.
This committee consists of ten members.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
be completed; be realized; succeed; be accomplished
Describes the completion or realization of a goal, plan, or effort. Often used with nouns like 夢, 計画, 目的.
The plan finally came to fruition.
The business succeeded after much hardship.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
change into; turn into; transform
Emphasizes a transformation into a different form or state. Often used with に.
The water turned into ice.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
come to do; begin to do; grow to do
Attaches to the -masu stem of verbs to indicate reaching the point of doing something, often gradually or after a change.
I've come to be able to speak Japanese.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
amount to; add up to; come to
Used with numbers, totals, or sums to indicate the resulting amount.
It comes to 1,000 yen in total.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
play the part of; act as
Used for roles in plays, movies, or metaphorical roles. Often with 役.
He played the role of Hamlet.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
serve as; be used for; be useful for
Indicates that something functions or is utilized in a certain capacity. Often with に or として.
This room serves as a meeting room.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
Shogi term: a piece is promoted upon reaching the opponent's camp.
The pawn promoted and became a tokin.
auxiliary verb, godan verb (-ru)
Honorific auxiliary verb pattern: お + masu-stem + になる, or ご + noun + になる. Used to show respect for the subject's action.
The teacher has already gone home. (honorific)
Usage patterns
- 〈物〉になるto become/turn into ~
He will probably become a famous doctor in the future.
- 〈事〉ということになるit turns out that / it is decided that ~
After talking it over, it was decided that we would move next month.
- 〈事〉が成るfor something (a plan, goal) to be accomplished
My long-held dream was finally realized.
- 〈動詞〉ようになるto come to do / reach the point of doing ~
I practiced every day and reached the point where I could speak Japanese.
- 〈数〉になるto amount to / come to (a total)
It comes to 10,000 yen in total.
- お〈動詞〉になるhonorific pattern: to do ~ (respectful)
The teacher has already gone home (respectful).
Expressions· 8
- からなるconsists of; is made up of; comprises
- よりなるconsists of; is made up of; comprises
- なせばなるwhere there's a will, there's a way
- なるべくならif possible; preferably
- なるようになるwhatever will be, will be; let nature take its course
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- 一将功成りて万骨枯るthousands die to make one hero
- 少年老い易く学成り難しstudy hard while you are young
- 志ある者は事ついに成るwhere there's a will, there's a way