ない

i-adjective

nonexistent; not there

States that something does not exist or is not present. Often used with が.

• 冷れい蔵ぞう庫こに何なにもない。

  There is nothing in the fridge.

• 駅えき前まえに駐ちゅう車しゃ場じょうがない。

  There is no parking lot in front of the station.

i-adjective

not have; unowned

Indicates lack of possession or ownership. Often used with は or が.

• 私わたしは車くるまがない。

  I don't have a car.

• 彼かれはお金かねがない。

  He has no money.

i-adjective

unique; unparalleled

Used in set phrases like またとない (unparalleled, once-in-a-lifetime) to express that something is rare or exceptional.

See also: またとない

• またとない機き会かいを逃のがした。

  I missed a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity.

i-adjective

not; never; won't happen

Used in patterns like ...ことがない to express negation of experience, necessity, or possibility. Often corresponds to 'have never done', 'there is no need to', or 'it cannot happen'.

• そんなことはありえない。

  That can't happen.

• 彼かれに会あったことがない。

  I have never met him.

• 心しん配ぱいすることはない。

  There's no need to worry.

i-adjective, auxiliary adjective

not (after adjective)

Auxiliary adjective used after the conjunctive form of an adjective to negate it. Equivalent to 'not' in English.

See also: ない

• この部屋へやは広ひろくない。

  This room is not spacious.

• 今日きょうは寒さむくない。

  It is not cold today.

i-adjective, auxiliary adjective

not (after verb); have not

Auxiliary adjective used after the -te form of a verb to express negation of a state or action. Often translates to 'have not done' or 'is not'.

• まだ食たべていない。

  I haven't eaten yet.

• 窓まどが開あいていない。

  The window is not open.