辛い
辛い · i-adjective
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 辛い | 辛くない |
| Polite | 辛いです | 辛くないですalso 辛くありません |
| Past polite | 辛かったです | 辛くなかったですalso 辛くありませんでした |
| Past | 辛かった | 辛くなかった |
| Te-form | 辛くて | 辛くなくて |
| Adverbial | 辛く | |
| Conditional | 辛ければ | 辛くなければ |
| Tara conditional | 辛かったら | 辛くなかったら |
Meanings
Describes food with a hot, pungent taste from chili peppers, wasabi, mustard, etc. Not used for temperature-related heat.
This curry is very spicy.
The wasabi was so hot it made my eyes water.
Used for food that is overly salty, often in a negative sense. Less common than しょっぱい in everyday speech.
This soup is a bit salty. I might have added too much salt.
Describes criticism, punishment, or judgment that is harsh or strict. Often used with words like 評価, 批判, 罰.
I received a harsh evaluation from my boss.
His criticism is always severe.
Rare reading からい for the meaning usually read つらい. Appears in some contexts, but つらい is the standard modern reading for this sense. Cross-referenced with 辛い (つらい).
See also: つらい
This job is tough, but it's rewarding.
Usage patterns
- 〈物〉を辛くするto make (a dish) spicier
I added chili peppers to make the curry spicier.
- 〈人〉に辛く当たるto treat someone harshly
The boss always treats new employees harshly.
- 〈物〉が辛くて食べられないto be too spicy to eat
This sauce is too spicy for me to eat.
Expressions
- 辛い味pungent taste; spicy/hot flavor
- やや辛口semi-dry; semi-secco
- 点が辛いstrict in grading; severe in marking
- 山椒は小粒でもぴりりと辛いsize isn't everything; small but mighty