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Kotomora

申

have the honor to, sign of the monkey, 3-5PM, ninth sign of Chinese zodiac

JLPTN3StatusJōyō · grade 3FrequencyTop 500Strokes5

Readings

On'yomi

  • シン

Kun'yomi

  • もう.す
  • もう.し-
  • さる

Meaning

申 centers on the act of stating something formally or humbly, as in 'having the honor to speak'. The zodiac and time-of-day meanings are separate, culturally assigned labels for the ninth sign (monkey) and the hour 3-5PM.

Most common words using 申

21 of 158
  • 申し訳もうしわけ
    N3

    apology; excuse

  • 申請しんせい
    N2

    application; request; petition

  • 申すもうす
    N4

    to say; to be called

  • 申告しんこく
    N1

    report; return (e.g. tax); statement; declaration; notification; filing

  • 申し込みもうしこみ
    N2

    application; entry; request; subscription; offer; proposal; overture; challenge

  • 申し出もうしで
    N1

    proposal; offer; request; application

  • 申さる

    the Monkey (ninth sign of the Chinese zodiac)

  • 申し立てもうしたて

    statement; account (of something); declaration; allegation

  • 申し込むもうしこむ
    N4

    to apply for; to make an application; to propose (marriage); to offer (mediation); to make an overture (of peace); to challenge; to lodge (objections); to request (an interview); to subscribe for; to book; to reserve

  • 申し入れもうしいれ

    proposal; offer; report; proposition; notice; request

  • 申し上げるもうしあげる
    N4

    to say; to tell; to state; to express; to offer; to extend (greetings, congratulations, etc.)

  • 申し出るもうしでる
    N1

    to offer; to propose; to suggest; to put forward; to request; to ask (for); to apply (for); to report (to); to notify

  • 答申とうしん
    N1

    report; reply; findings

  • 内申ないしん

    unofficial report; confidential report

  • 上申じょうしん

    report to a superior

  • 申し合わせもうしあわせ

    mutual agreement; understanding; common consent

  • 申し入れるもうしいれる
    N1

    to propose; to suggest

  • 申し訳ないもうしわけない
    N2

    I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; I feel regretful; I feel guilty

  • 申し分ないもうしぶんない
    N1

    perfect; ideal; completely satisfactory; leaving nothing to be desired; faultless; impeccable

  • 申し訳ありませんもうしわけありません

    I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable

  • 申込書もうしこみしょ

    (written) application; application form

Explore all words using 申 →

Study

Etymology

申 is an ancient pictograph of a bolt of lightning extending downward, later borrowed for the idea of extending or stating. The modern form is highly stylized and no longer pictorially obvious.

Meaning mnemonic

The vertical line through the box 田 looks like a person standing up to speak formally. Imagine a court official rising to address the emperor: 申 is the act of humbly stating something.

Reading mnemonic

For シン, picture a humble servant bowing and saying 'shin' as a respectful utterance: shin -> シン, matching the formal, honorific tone of the kanji.