置く
置く · godan verb (-ku)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 置く | 置かない |
| Polite | 置きます | 置きません |
| Past polite | 置きました | 置きませんでした |
| Past | 置いた | 置かなかった |
| Te-form | 置いて | 置かないで |
| Desire | 置きたい | 置きたくない |
| Potential | 置ける | 置けない |
| Passive | 置かれる | 置かれない |
| Causative | 置かせる | 置かせない |
| Causative passive | 置かせられるalso 置かされる | 置かせられないalso 置かされない |
| Volitional | 置こう | |
| Polite volitional | 置きましょう | |
| Imperative | 置け | 置くな |
| Conditional | 置けば | 置かなければ |
| Tara conditional | 置いたら | 置かなかったら |
Meanings
godan verb (-ku), transitive verb
Basic physical placement of an object onto a surface or into a location.
Please put the book on the desk.
godan verb (-ku), transitive verb
Leaving a person or thing in a place, often with the implication of not taking it along.
I left my umbrella on the train.
godan verb (-ku), transitive verb
Setting up an organization, facility, or position, or appointing someone to a role.
The company established a new branch office in Osaka.
They decided to appoint him as department head.
godan verb (-ku), transitive verb
place (trust, faith, etc.); bear (in mind)
Abstract placement: putting trust, confidence, or keeping something in mind. Common with 信頼, 期待, 念頭.
I place my full trust in him.
Please act with safety in mind.
godan verb (-ku), transitive verb
put down (a tool); stop using
Putting down a tool such as a pen, implying stopping the associated activity. Often used in set phrases like 筆を置く.
The writer finally laid down his pen.
godan verb (-ku), transitive verb
take in (boarders); provide lodging
Accommodating someone in one's home; somewhat formal or old-fashioned.
We have an international student staying with us.
godan verb (-ku), transitive verb
separate (spatially or temporally)
Putting distance or time between things. Often used with 間, 距離, or 時間.
A gap of ten years separates the two events.
godan verb (-ku), auxiliary verb
do in advance; do beforehand
Auxiliary use after -te form; indicates doing something in preparation or for future convenience. Usually written in kana.
I'll buy the tickets in advance before the trip.
godan verb (-ku), auxiliary verb
leave (in a state); keep (in a state)
Auxiliary use after -te form; indicates leaving something as it is or maintaining a state. Usually written in kana.
Please leave the window open.
Usage patterns
- 〈物〉を〈場所〉に置くto put an object in a place
I put the book on the table.
- 〈物〉を置いて行くto leave a thing behind when going somewhere
I accidentally left my umbrella behind.
- 〈場所〉に〈物〉を置くto establish or set up (an office, facility) in a place
The company has a branch office in Osaka.
- 〈事〉に重点を置くto place emphasis on something
This school places emphasis on English education.
- 〈人〉と距離を置くto keep one's distance from someone
She's been keeping her distance from him lately.
- 〈動詞〉ておくto do something in advance for later convenience
I got tomorrow's preparations done in advance.