追い抜く
追い抜く · godan verb (-ku)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 追い抜く | 追い抜かない |
| Polite | 追い抜きます | 追い抜きません |
| Past polite | 追い抜きました | 追い抜きませんでした |
| Past | 追い抜いた | 追い抜かなかった |
| Te-form | 追い抜いて | 追い抜かないで |
| Desire | 追い抜きたい | 追い抜きたくない |
| Potential | 追い抜ける | 追い抜けない |
| Passive | 追い抜かれる | 追い抜かれない |
| Causative | 追い抜かせる | 追い抜かせない |
| Causative passive | 追い抜かせられるalso 追い抜かされる | 追い抜かせられないalso 追い抜かされない |
| Volitional | 追い抜こう | |
| Polite volitional | 追い抜きましょう | |
| Imperative | 追い抜け | 追い抜くな |
| Conditional | 追い抜けば | 追い抜かなければ |
| Tara conditional | 追い抜いたら | 追い抜かなかったら |
Meanings
godan verb (-ku), transitive verb
Used for physically passing a moving vehicle, person, or animal, especially from behind. Similar to 追い越す but often implies a more decisive or complete overtaking.
See also: 追い越す
I passed a slow truck on the highway.
I overtook the runner ahead on the final straight.
godan verb (-ku), transitive verb
Used for exceeding someone in ability, achievement, rank, or quantity. Often implies catching up from behind and then moving ahead.
See also: 追い越す
He worked hard, surpassed his seniors, and became department head.
The population of this area has finally outstripped that of the neighboring city.
Usage patterns
- 〈人〉を追い抜くto overtake someone (while running, driving, etc.)
He overtook the runner ahead of him just before the finish line.
- 〈物〉を追い抜くto pass a moving vehicle
Passing a truck is dangerous.
- 〈数〉で〈人〉を追い抜くto surpass someone in a certain number or measure
She surpassed her senior colleague in sales.