追い越す
追い越す · godan verb (-su)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 追い越す | 追い越さない |
| Polite | 追い越します | 追い越しません |
| Past polite | 追い越しました | 追い越しませんでした |
| Past | 追い越した | 追い越さなかった |
| Te-form | 追い越して | 追い越さないで |
| Desire | 追い越したい | 追い越したくない |
| Potential | 追い越せる | 追い越せない |
| Passive | 追い越される | 追い越されない |
| Causative | 追い越させる | 追い越させない |
| Causative passive | 追い越させられる | 追い越させられない |
| Volitional | 追い越そう | |
| Polite volitional | 追い越しましょう | |
| Imperative | 追い越せ | 追い越すな |
| Conditional | 追い越せば | 追い越さなければ |
| Tara conditional | 追い越したら | 追い越さなかったら |
Meanings
godan verb (-su), transitive verb
Physical act of passing a moving vehicle, person, or animal from behind. Often used in traffic contexts.
See also: 追い抜く
When passing a slow car, please check for safety.
He overtook the runners ahead one after another.
godan verb (-su), transitive verb
surpass; outstrip; get ahead of
Abstract or competitive sense: exceeding someone in ability, rank, sales, etc. Often used when one entity moves ahead of another in a measurable way.
See also: 追い抜く
He worked hard, surpassed his seniors, and became department head.
This new product outstripped competitors in sales.
Usage patterns
- 〈物〉を追い越すto overtake a vehicle or object moving ahead
I decided not to pass the truck because it looked dangerous.
- 〈数〉で〈人〉を追い越すto overtake someone in some measurable figure (sales, score, etc.)
This month I finally overtook my colleague in sales.
- 〈人〉を追い越すto overtake a person while walking, running, or driving
He overtook his rival on the final lap.
- 右側から追い越すto overtake from the right (standard traffic direction)
In Japan, the rule is to overtake from the right lane.