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Kotomora

越

surpass, cross over, move to, exceed, Vietnam

JLPTN3StatusJōyō · secondary schoolFrequencyTop 1,000Strokes12

Readings

On'yomi

  • エツ
  • オツ

Kun'yomi

  • こ.す
  • -こ.す
  • -ご.し
  • こ.える
  • -ご.え

Nanori

  • えち
  • えっ
  • お
  • こえ

Meaning

越 centers on going beyond a boundary: surpassing a limit, crossing over a physical or figurative line, or exceeding a standard. The country name Vietnam is a phonetic application of the same character.

Most common words using 越

24 of 223
  • 越えるこえる
    N3

    to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to pass over (out of); to go beyond; to go past

  • 越すこす
    N2

    to cross over (e.g. mountain); to go across

  • 引っ越しひっこし
    N4

    moving (dwelling, office, etc.); changing residence

  • 寄越すよこす
    N2

    to send; to forward

  • 超越ちょうえつ
    N1

    transcendence; transcendency

  • 引っ越すひっこす
    N4

    to move (house); to change residence

  • 越幾斯エキス

    extract (of plants, meat, etc.); essence; concentrate; concentrated stock

  • 勝ち越しかちこし

    having more wins than losses

  • 乗り越えるのりこえる
    N2

    to climb over; to get over; to cross (a mountain)

  • 卓越たくえつ

    preeminence; excellence; superiority; transcendence

  • 越歴エレキ

    electricity

  • 越後えちご

    Echigo (former province located in present-day Niigata Prefecture)

  • 上越じょうえつ

    area on Japan Sea side of Japan, including Niigata

  • 越境えっきょう

    crossing a border (illegally); border violation; border transgression

  • 中越ちゅうえつ

    Chūetsu (region in Niigata)

  • 越冬えっとう

    passing the winter; hibernation

  • 越しごし
    N1

    across; over; beyond; through; crossing

  • 負け越しまけこし

    having more losses than wins

  • 追い越すおいこす
    N3

    to pass (e.g. car); to overtake

  • 越権えっけん

    going beyond authority; unauthorized; unauthorised; ultra vires

  • 持ち越すもちこす

    to carry over (an issue, decision, work, etc.); to carry forward; to put off; to postpone; to defer

  • 乗り越しのりこし
    N1

    riding past (one's station)

  • 勝ち越すかちこす

    to have more wins than losses; to lead an opponent (e.g. by two games); to be ahead (in wins); to take the lead

  • 越年えつねん

    seeing the old year out; greeting the New Year; passing the winter; hibernation

Explore all words using 越 →

Study

Etymology

越 combines 走 (run, go) with 戉, which likely contributes the sound and may originally represent a type of axe or weapon. Together they express the idea of moving past or exceeding.

Meaning mnemonic

The running enclosure 走 suggests movement, and the inner 戉 looks like a halberd or tool. Picture a runner vaulting over a barrier with a polearm, crossing beyond the limit.

Reading mnemonic

For エツ, imagine an athlete who exceeds all records and yells 'Ets!' as they cross the finish line: Ets -> エツ.