訳
translate, reason, circumstance, case
Readings
On'yomi
- ヤク
Kun'yomi
- わけ
Meaning
訳 centers on converting something from one form to another: translating language, or giving a reason or explanation that makes a situation understandable. The 'circumstance' and 'case' senses are natural extensions of explaining why something happened.
Most common words using 訳
20 of 192- 訳わけN4
reason; cause; grounds
- 申し訳もうしわけN3
apology; excuse
- 翻訳ほんやくN4
translation
- 言い訳いいわけN2
excuse
- 通訳つうやくN3
interpretation (i.e. oral translation)
- 訳すやくすN2
to translate; to interpret
- 内訳うちわけN1
itemization (of expenses); the items; breakdown; classification
- 英訳えいやく
English translation
- 和訳わやく
Japanese translation
- 直訳ちょくやくN1
literal translation; direct translation
- 意訳いやく
free translation; liberal translation
- 訳語やくご
translation equivalent; equivalent word in translation; translation (of a word); gloss
- 誤訳ごやく
mistranslation
- 訳者やくしゃ
translator
- 邦訳ほうやく
translation into Japanese
- 訳注やくちゅう
translation and annotation; translation with notes
- 対訳たいやく
original text with its translation printed side by side or on opposite page
- 新訳しんやく
new translation
- 訳文やくぶん
translated sentence; translated passage; translation; version; rendering
- 抄訳しょうやく
abridged translation
Study
Etymology
訳 is the modern simplified form of 譯. The older form combines 言 (speech) with 睪, which likely contributed the sound and the idea of interpreting or explaining. The modern 尺 shape is a simplification and should not be treated as the original historical component.
Meaning mnemonic
Words 言 are measured and converted like a ruler 尺: translating speech or giving a reason that fits the situation.
Reading mnemonic
For ヤク, imagine a yak translating ancient texts in a Himalayan monastery: yak -> ヤク, and the yak's words make the meaning clear.