破やぶる

や

ぶ

る

Common wordJLPTN4Freq.FrequencyTop 5,000

破る · godan verb (-ru)

Form	Positive	Negative
Dictionary	破やぶる	破やぶらない
Polite	破やぶります	破やぶりません
Past polite	破やぶりました	破やぶりませんでした
Past	破やぶった	破やぶらなかった
Te-form	破やぶって	破やぶらないで
Desire	破やぶりたい	破やぶりたくない
Potential	破やぶれる	破やぶれない
Passive	破やぶられる	破やぶられない
Causative	破やぶらせる	破やぶらせない
Causative passive	破やぶらせられるalso 破やぶらされる	破やぶらせられないalso 破やぶらされない
Volitional	破やぶろう
Polite volitional	破やぶりましょう
Imperative	破やぶれ	破やぶるな
Conditional	破やぶれば	破やぶらなければ
Tara conditional	破やぶったら	破やぶらなかったら

Pairs with破れる

Meanings

godan verb (-ru), transitive verb

tear; rip; break; destroy

Physical destruction: tearing paper, ripping cloth, breaking a physical object.

彼かれは手て紙がみを破やぶって捨すてた。
He tore up the letter and threw it away.
うっかりして本ほんのページを破やぶってしまった。
I accidentally tore a page of the book.

godan verb (-ru), transitive verb

break through; breach

Breaking through a physical or metaphorical barrier: a cordon, defense line, siege, etc.

警けい察さつの包ほう囲いを破やぶって逃にげた。
They broke through the police cordon and escaped.
敵てきの防ぼう御ぎょ線せんを破やぶる作さく戦せんを立たてた。
They devised a plan to breach the enemy's defensive line.

godan verb (-ru), transitive verb

defeat; beat

Defeating an opponent in a match, game, or contest.

強きょう豪ごうチームを破やぶって優ゆう勝しょうした。
They beat the strong team and won the championship.
彼かれは世せ界かいチャンピオンを破やぶった。
He defeated the world champion.

godan verb (-ru), transitive verb

break; disturb; shatter; disrupt; spoil

Breaking an intangible state: silence, peace, dream, atmosphere, etc.

突とつ然ぜんの電でん話わが静しずけさを破やぶった。
A sudden phone call broke the silence.
そのニュースは彼かれの夢ゆめを破やぶった。
The news shattered his dream.

godan verb (-ru), transitive verb

violate; break; infringe

Breaking a rule, promise, law, or agreement.

彼かれは交こう通つうルールを破やぶって罰ばっ金きんを払はらった。
He broke a traffic rule and paid a fine.
約やく束そくを破やぶるようなことはしないでほしい。
I hope you won't break your promise.

godan verb (-ru), transitive verb

break a record

Surpassing a previous record in sports, measurements, etc.

彼かれは100メートル走そうで世せ界かい記き録ろくを破やぶった。
He broke the world record in the 100-meter dash.

See all 299 example sentences ›

Usage patterns

記き録ろくを破やぶるto break a record
彼かれは世せ界かい記き録ろくを破やぶった。
He broke the world record.
沈ちん黙もくを破やぶるto break a silence
長ながい沈ちん黙もくを破やぶって彼かれが話はなし始はじめた。
He broke the long silence and started speaking.
法ほう律りつを破やぶるto break the law
彼かれはその法ほう律りつを破やぶって罰ばっせられた。
He violated the law and was punished.
包ほう囲いを破やぶるto break through an encirclement
軍ぐんは敵てきの包ほう囲いを破やぶって脱だっ出しゅつした。
The army broke through the enemy's encirclement and escaped.
〈相あい手て〉を破やぶるto defeat an opponent (in a match or contest)
決けっ勝しょうで強つよい相あい手てを破やぶって優ゆう勝しょうした。
He defeated a tough opponent in the final and won the championship.

Expressions· 13

約やく束そくを破やぶるbreak a promise; go back on one's word; renege
戒かいを破やぶるbreak the Buddhist precepts
戸とを破やぶるbreak down a door; force a door open
敵てきを破やぶるdefeat one's enemy
殻からを破やぶるbreak out of one's shell; make a fresh start; go beyond one's limits

Show 3 more

約やく束そく破やぶるbreak a promise; go back on one's word; renege
紙かみを破やぶるtear paper; tear up paper
義ぎを破やぶるbreak faith with; betray trust

See all 13 in Explore →

Kanji

破rend, rip, tear

Transitive / intransitive

破やぶれるN3
破れる is intransitive for something becoming torn or broken down, while 破る is the transitive verb for tearing something or breaking a promise/record on purpose.

Related words· 11

壊こわすN4sense 1
壊す emphasizes breaking something into pieces or rendering it non-functional, while 破る often implies tearing or ripping a flexible material.
割わるN4sense 1
割る is used for splitting or cracking hard objects like glass or plates, whereas 破る is for tearing paper or cloth.
裂さくN2sense 1
裂く focuses on tearing something apart along a line (like fabric or flesh), while 破る is the more general verb for tearing or ripping.
突とっ破ぱN1sense 2
突破する is a more formal, often military or figurative term for breaking through a barrier, while 破る is the everyday verb for the same action.

Show 7 more

違い反はんN3sense 5
違反する is a formal, often legal term for breaking a rule or law, while 破る is used more broadly for breaking promises, rules, or laws in everyday speech.
負まかすN2sense 3
負かす simply means to beat or defeat someone in a contest, while 破る can also carry a sense of decisively crushing or overcoming an opponent.
ちぎるN2
破る covers tearing paper or cloth (and also breaking rules/promises), while 千切る specifically emphasizes pulling something apart with the hands into pieces.
破やぶくN2
破る is the more common, neutral word for tearing something, while 破く is a slightly more colloquial variant used mainly for paper or cloth.
犯おかすN2
破る is the everyday word for breaking a promise or rule, while 犯す sounds more formal and serious, often used for laws or taboos.
違たがえる
破る is the common, direct verb for breaking a promise, while 違える expresses the same idea more formally or literarily.
引ひき裂さくN1
破る is a more neutral, everyday word for ripping paper or cloth, while 引き裂く carries a stronger sense of violence or destructive force.

Opposites

守まもるN3sense 5
守る means to keep or observe a promise, rule, or law, the opposite of 破る meaning to violate or break it.
果はたすN2
破る means to break a promise or rule, the opposite of 果たす which means to keep or fulfill it, as in 約束を破る vs 約束を果たす.

Don't confuse with

敗やぶれるN2sense 3
破る means to defeat an opponent (the winner's action), while 敗れる (same reading as 破れる) means to be defeated or lose, the opposite outcome.

Word family· 28

型かた破やぶり
unconventional; mold-breaking; outside the box
打うち破やぶる
break; smash; defeat; destroy; eliminate
見み破やぶる
see through; penetrate; discover; find out
突つき破やぶる
break through; penetrate; pierce
道どう場じょう破やぶり
dojo storming; challenging and defeating everyone at a martial arts school

Show 10 more

島しま破やぶり
escaping from island exile
掟おきて破やぶり
against the rules; breaking etiquette; illegal · unusual; unconventional; against common sense
牢ろう破やぶり
jailbreak; prison break · prison escapee; jailbreaker
蹴け破やぶる
kick down; break by kicking; kick open · smash through; rout
ぶち破やぶる
smash down; batter down; beat in; destroy
スト破やぶり
strikebreaker; scab; strikebreaking
切きり破やぶる
cut to pieces; slash through
常じょう識しき破やぶり
unconventional; outside the box; breaking with common sense
引ひき破やぶる
tear; rip; rend
心しん臓ぞう破やぶり
heart-breaking; grueling; killer

See all 28 in Explore →

Written forms

破やぶるUsage95%
Standard kanji spelling for all senses.
やぶるUsage5%

Etymology

The kanji 破 consists of 石 (stone) and 皮 (skin/hide), suggesting breaking or tearing. The verb やぶる is a native Japanese word with the same core meaning.