白い
白い · i-adjective
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 白い | 白くない |
| Polite | 白いです | 白くないですalso 白くありません |
| Past polite | 白かったです | 白くなかったですalso 白くありませんでした |
| Past | 白かった | 白くなかった |
| Te-form | 白くて | 白くなくて |
| Adverbial | 白く | |
| Conditional | 白ければ | 白くなければ |
| Tara conditional | 白かったら | 白くなかったら |
Meanings
The basic color adjective, used for objects, light-colored surfaces, skin, hair, clothing, and similar concrete things.
I painted the wall white.
She is wearing a white shirt.
Used when a surface such as paper, a field, a map, or a coloring-book area has nothing written, colored, or marked on it; often close to 'left blank' or 'still untouched.'
The sky in the coloring book is still uncolored.
You may submit this field left blank.
innocent; not guilty; pure; spotless
Figurative use based on whiteness as lack of stain: morally pure, clean, or not implicated in wrongdoing. In suspicion or investigation contexts, 白い means closer to 'innocent' or 'not guilty,' often in phrases such as 限りなく白い.
Judging from the evidence, he is almost certainly innocent.
I want to cherish the purity of a child's heart.
Archaic use meaning bright or vivid rather than simply white. In modern Japanese, 明るい or 鮮やか is normally used for this meaning.
In classical usage, 白い can describe something as bright or vivid.
inexperienced; naive; unrefined
Archaic figurative use for someone inexperienced, naive, or not yet polished. Modern Japanese normally uses words such as 未熟, 世間知らず, or 垢抜けない.
In older usage, 白い can refer to being inexperienced and naive.
Usage patterns
- 白い〈物〉white ___ (typical everyday objects)
He is wearing a white shirt.
- 白いページa blank page (nothing written on it)
The last page of the notebook was still blank.
- 限りなく白いpractically innocent (in a criminal or suspicion context)
As a result of the investigation, he was judged to be practically innocent.
- 〈物〉が白くなるfor something to turn white / become pale
In winter, her skin becomes even paler.