Meanings
Usage patterns
言葉を覚えるto learn to speak; to pick up words
The baby has gradually been learning to speak.
言葉を使うto use certain words or language
He's a person who uses polite language.
言葉を交わすto exchange words with someone
The two of them exchanged words for the first time.
言葉に詰まるto be at a loss for words
I was asked a question and got stuck for words.
言葉を選ぶto choose one's words carefully
She spoke, carefully choosing her words.
言葉が通じるfor language/speech to be understood (between speakers)
I had trouble abroad because we couldn't understand each other's language.