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Kotomora

込

crowded, mixture, in bulk, included, (kokuji)

JLPTN3StatusJōyō · secondary schoolFrequencyTop 1,000Strokes5

Readings

On'yomi

—

Kun'yomi

  • -こ.む
  • こ.む
  • こ.み
  • -こ.み
  • こ.める

Nanori

  • こみ
  • ごめ

Meaning

込 centers on things being packed together or included: a crowd, a mixture, or something added in bulk. The idea is always about putting things into a space or group so they become dense or part of a whole.

Most common words using 込

24 of 502
  • 込むこむ
    N4

    to be crowded; to be packed; to be congested; to be thronged (with)

  • 込めるこめる
    N2

    to load (a gun, etc.); to charge

  • 書き込みかきこみ
    N1

    writing

  • 見込みみこみ
    N1

    hope; promise; possibility; chance; probability; likelihood

  • 税込みぜいこみ
    N3

    including tax (of a price); pretax (income or profits); before tax

  • 申し込みもうしこみ
    N2

    application; entry; request; subscription; offer; proposal; overture; challenge

  • 持ち込みもちこみ

    bring-your-own (e.g. food and drink); carry-on (e.g. luggage)

  • 突っ込むつっこむ
    N2

    to thrust (something) into (something); to cram; to stuff; to shove

  • 持ち込むもちこむ
    N2

    to bring in; to take in; to carry in

  • 振込ふりこみ
    N3

    payment made via bank deposit transfer

  • 仕込みしこみ

    training; education; upbringing

  • 取り込みとりこみ

    taking in; bringing in

  • 乗り込むのりこむ
    N2

    to board (a train, plane, etc.); to get into (a car); to get on (a bus); to go on board; to get aboard

  • 落ち込むおちこむ
    N2

    to feel down; to feel sad; to be depressed; to be in low spirits

  • 飛び込みとびこみ

    jump; plunge; dive

  • 巻き込むまきこむ
    N1

    to roll up; to enfold; to swallow up

  • 取り込むとりこむ
    N1

    to take in; to bring in; to adopt (e.g. behaviour); to introduce

  • 入り込むはいりこむ

    to go into; to come into; to penetrate; to get in; to step in (a house)

  • 追い込むおいこむ
    N1

    to herd; to drive; to chase; to corral

  • 飛び込むとびこむ
    N3

    to jump in; to leap in; to plunge into; to dive

  • 追い込みおいこみ

    final stage; final stretch; final spurt; last spurt; final push; late charge

  • 書き込むかきこむ
    N2

    to fill in (field, entry, etc.); to fill out (form)

  • 申し込むもうしこむ
    N4

    to apply for; to make an application; to propose (marriage); to offer (mediation); to make an overture (of peace); to challenge; to lodge (objections); to request (an interview); to subscribe for; to book; to reserve

  • 送り込むおくりこむ

    to send in

Explore all words using 込 →

Study

Etymology

込 is a Japanese kokuji (国字) created by combining the movement radical 辶 with 入 (enter). It expresses the idea of entering and filling a space, leading to meanings like crowded or included.

Meaning mnemonic

The movement radical 辶 suggests going, and 入 means enter. Picture people entering a room until it becomes crowded and everything is mixed together in bulk.

Reading mnemonic

For -こ, imagine a crowded room where everyone is saying 'ko' as they bump into each other: 'ko, ko, ko!' The sound of the crowd cues こ.