休む · godan verb (-mu)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 休む | 休まない |
| Polite | 休みます | 休みません |
| Past polite | 休みました | 休みませんでした |
| Past | 休んだ | 休まなかった |
| Te-form | 休んで | 休まないで |
| Desire | 休みたい | 休みたくない |
| Potential | 休める | 休めない |
| Passive | 休まれる | 休まれない |
| Causative | 休ませる | 休ませない |
| Causative passive | 休ませられるalso 休まされる | 休ませられないalso 休まされない |
| Volitional | 休もう | |
| Polite volitional | 休みましょう | |
| Imperative | 休め | 休むな |
| Conditional | 休めば | 休まなければ |
| Tara conditional | 休んだら | 休まなかったら |
godan verb (-mu), intransitive verb
be absent; take a day off
Used when someone is not at their usual place (school, work) for a day or longer. Often with 学校・会社を休む.
昨日は風邪で学校を休んだ。
I was absent from school yesterday because of a cold.
I'll take a paid day off and be absent from work tomorrow.
godan verb (-mu), intransitive verb
General rest from activity, including short breaks. Can be used for physical rest or pausing work.
ちょっと休もう。
Let's take a short break.
疲れたので少し休みます。
I'm tired, so I'll rest a bit.
godan verb (-mu), intransitive verb
go to bed; lie down to sleep; turn in
Refers to going to bed or lying down to sleep, often at night. More casual than 就寝する.
もう遅いから休みます。
It's late, so I'm going to bed.
おやすみなさい。ゆっくり休んでください。
Good night. Please rest well.
godan verb (-mu), intransitive verb
suspend activity; stop for a while
Used for temporarily stopping an ongoing activity or business. Often seen in signs like 本日休業 (closed today).
この店は月曜日は休みます。
This shop is closed on Mondays.
雨がひどいので工事を休んでいます。
Construction is suspended because of heavy rain.
I had a fever, so I stayed home from school.
I want to relax and take it easy this weekend.
I have an early start tomorrow, so I'll go to bed early tonight.
I heard that shop is going to close for a while.
I took the day off work because of a cold.
休む is the neutral verb for taking a day off or resting, whereas サボる carries the negative sense of shirking without a legitimate reason.
休む means to be absent from a place one normally attends, the opposite of 通う's sense of going there regularly.
休む means to rest or take time off, the direct opposite of 働く meaning to work.
lunch break; noon recess
spring break; spring vacation
winter vacation; winter holidays
short rest; breather; break
taking breaks; resting at times · with careful thought; after proper consideration
break; recess
during vacation; during the holidays; on break · (temporarily) closed; on break
resting place
rest after a meal
skipping school or work without a good reason; playing hooky
without rest; tirelessly; incessantly
post-vacation sluggishness; out of it after time off
recess; break time; break between classes
wayside teahouse; resting teahouse
summer vacation; summer break
post-exam break; time off after end-of-term tests