当たる
当たる · godan verb (-ru)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 当たる | 当たらない |
| Polite | 当たります | 当たりません |
| Past polite | 当たりました | 当たりませんでした |
| Past | 当たった | 当たらなかった |
| Te-form | 当たって | 当たらないで |
| Desire | 当たりたい | 当たりたくない |
| Potential | 当たれる | 当たれない |
| Passive | 当たられる | 当たられない |
| Causative | 当たらせる | 当たらせない |
| Causative passive | 当たらせられるalso 当たらされる | 当たらせられないalso 当たらされない |
| Volitional | 当たろう | |
| Polite volitional | 当たりましょう | |
| Imperative | 当たれ | 当たるな |
| Conditional | 当たれば | 当たらなければ |
| Tara conditional | 当たったら | 当たらなかったら |
Meanings
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
be hit; strike; hit against
Intransitive physical impact: something strikes or hits a person, object, or surface. The thing hit is often marked with に.
Antonyms: 外す
A stone hit the window, and the glass broke.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
touch; be in contact; be affixed
Describes contact rather than a forceful collision: a part, edge, surface, or attached item touches something.
The back of the chair is touching the wall.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
be equivalent to; correspond to; apply to
Often used as ...に当たる for equivalence, correspondence, or falling under a category or rule.
One mile is equivalent to about 1.6 kilometers.
This case falls under an exception.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
be correct; hit the mark; be right on target
Used when a prediction, guess, criticism, or judgment turns out to be accurate or apt.
His predictions are often right.
That criticism is quite on the mark.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
win; be selected; draw a prize
Used for lotteries, drawings, prizes, and similar situations where someone or something is selected by chance.
I won the lottery.
I won a travel voucher in the drawing.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
Used when a product, plan, performance, or attempt catches on or succeeds beyond expectation.
The new project was a hit, and sales increased.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
face; confront; come up against
Used for facing an opponent, difficulty, or situation. Depending on context, it can imply being matched against someone or confronting a problem.
We will face a powerhouse school in the semifinal.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
face toward; lie in the direction of
Used for location or orientation, often with directions such as 南, 北, or 海側.
This room faces south.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
take charge of; be assigned to; undertake
Used when someone is put in charge of a duty, task, role, or shift; common in work and school settings.
I will be in charge of reception today.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
be stricken by; be afflicted by; get food poisoning from
Common with causes such as food, heat, sun, or weather exposure. 食べ物に当たる usually means getting sick from that food.
I got food poisoning from raw oysters and suffered all night.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
be called on; be picked to answer
Schoolroom use: a student is called on by a teacher or made to answer when their turn comes.
I was suddenly called on in class and got stuck for an answer.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
take it out on; lash out at; treat harshly
Usually 人に当たる: to vent anger, frustration, or stress on someone, often unfairly.
You must not take your work stress out on your family.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
be unnecessary; not warrant; be no need to
Fixed negative pattern, especially 〜するには当たらない, meaning that there is no need or no grounds to do something. Sounds somewhat formal.
That is nothing to worry about.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
be hitting well; be on a hitting streak
Baseball use, usually in the progressive 当たっている, describing a batter who is making good contact or getting hits.
That batter has been hitting well lately.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
get a bite; feel a bite
Fishing use: a fish bites or gives a tug that the angler can feel. The related noun アタリ is also common in fishing talk.
A fish just bit.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
be bruised; be damaged; spoil
Used of fruit and similar items that become bruised or damaged from pressure or impact, often leading to spoilage.
This peach got bruised in the box and is a little damaged.
godan verb (-ru), transitive verb
Used when checking sources, leads, people, or facts. It can take を with leads or people, and に in expressions such as 原典に当たる, 'consult the original source.'
First, let's check with the people involved and confirm the facts.
Please consult the original source just to be sure.
godan verb (-ru), transitive verb
Rare or old-fashioned compared with 剃る. Most modern speakers would normally say ひげを剃る rather than ひげを当たる.
For ひげを当たる, people today would normally say ひげを剃る.
godan verb (-ru), transitive verb
be related as; stand in the relation of; be someone's ...
Used in the pattern AはBのCに当たる, meaning that A is C in relation to B, especially for family or social relationships.
He is my uncle on my mother's side.
Usage patterns· 8
- 原典に当たるto consult the original source
Please check the original source for the details.
- 〈物〉が〈人〉に当たるsomething hits/strikes a person
The ball hit him on the head.
- 予想が当たるa prediction turns out to be right
His prediction turned out to be correct.
- くじに当たるto win a lottery/drawing
I heard he won the lottery.
- 〈物〉に当たるto get sick from something eaten
I got food poisoning from the raw fish.
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- 〈人〉に当たるto take one's frustration out on someone
He always takes his frustration out on his little brother.
- 〜するには当たらないthere is no need/grounds to do ...
There's no need to be that surprised.
- 〈場所〉に日が当たるsunlight falls on/touches a place
This room gets a lot of sunlight.