立つ · godan verb (-tsu)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 立つ | 立たない |
| Polite | 立ちます | 立ちません |
| Past polite | 立ちました | 立ちませんでした |
| Past | 立った | 立たなかった |
| Te-form | 立って | 立たないで |
| Desire | 立ちたい | 立ちたくない |
| Potential | 立てる | 立てない |
| Passive | 立たれる | 立たれない |
| Causative | 立たせる | 立たせない |
| Causative passive | 立たせられるalso 立たされる | 立たせられないalso 立たされない |
| Volitional | 立とう | |
| Polite volitional | 立ちましょう | |
| Imperative | 立て | 立つな |
| Conditional | 立てば | 立たなければ |
| Tara conditional | 立ったら | 立たなかったら |
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
stand up; rise; get to one's feet
Physical action of rising to a standing position. Also used for things sticking up, like hair standing on end.
彼は椅子から立った。
He stood up from the chair.
怖くて髪の毛が立った。
My hair stood on end from fear.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
stand; be situated
Describes the location or posture of people, trees, buildings, etc. being in an upright position or situated somewhere.
門の前に人が立っている。
A person is standing in front of the gate.
公園に大きな木が立っている。
A big tree stands in the park.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
be in a position; take a stance; put oneself in a situation
Abstract use: being in a certain state, role, or difficulty. Often used with nouns like 苦境 (predicament), 先頭 (lead), 候補 (candidate).
彼は苦境に立っている。
He is in a difficult position.
彼女は先頭に立ってチームを引っ張った。
She took the lead and pulled the team along.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
Used when someone leaves a place to go somewhere, often with a sense of purpose. 席を立つ is a common phrase for leaving one's seat.
彼は会議中に席を立った。
He left his seat during the meeting.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
depart; set off; start a journey
Only when written 発つ
Specifically for starting a trip or journey. Often written as 発つ in this sense.
明日、東京を発つ。
I depart from Tokyo tomorrow.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
For sharp objects like arrows or thorns that pierce and remain stuck. Often used in the form ～に立つ.
矢が的に立った。
The arrow stuck into the target.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
For rumors, reputation, or news spreading and becoming widely known. Often 噂が立つ.
変な噂が立っている。
A strange rumor is going around.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
stand for election; run for office
Used in political contexts. 選挙に立つ is the common phrase.
彼は市長選に立つことにした。
He decided to run in the mayoral election.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
rise up; take action; rouse oneself
For people rising up to take action, often in a collective or determined manner. Rare kanji 起つ is sometimes used.
市民が圧政に対して立った。
The citizens rose up against the oppression.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
get an erection; become erect
Colloquial; refers to male erection or nipples becoming erect. Often written in kana or with rare kanji 勃つ.
興奮して立っちゃった。
I got excited and got an erection.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
For abstract things like policies, plans, objectives, or systems being set up or coming into existence.
新しい計画が立った。
A new plan has been established.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
be valid; hold water; be logical
For arguments, logic, evidence, or reasoning that stands up to scrutiny. 理屈が立つ, 証拠が立つ.
彼の主張は理屈が立たない。
His argument doesn't hold water.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
be sustained; be maintained; survive
For livelihoods, businesses, reputations, honor, etc. continuing to exist or being preserved. 生活が立つ, 面目が立つ.
この仕事だけでは生活が立たない。
I can't make a living with just this job.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
For seasons or natural periods beginning. 春が立つ, 秋が立つ are somewhat literary.
春が立つ頃、花が咲き始める。
Around the start of spring, flowers begin to bloom.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
For markets or fairs being held. 市が立つ is the standard phrase.
毎週日曜日に市が立つ。
A market is held every Sunday.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
For doors, shoji screens, etc. being shut or closed. Often used in the form 戸が立つ.
風で戸が立った。
The door shut because of the wind.
godan verb (-tsu), intransitive verb
be the result of division
Mathematical use: the quotient or result of division. 割り算で3が立つ.
10を3で割ると3が立って1余る。
When you divide 10 by 3, you get 3 with a remainder of 1.
A market is held in this square every week.
He stood at the front of the demonstration.
She decided to run in the mayoral election.
The wind picked up and waves began to rise.
He stood at the front of the classroom.
Steam is rising from the pot.
彼は人生の岐路に立っている。
He is standing at a crossroads in his life.
The company is now in a difficult situation.
立つ (same pronunciation) means 'to stand up', while 発つ specifically means 'to depart on a trip'; the kanji distinguishes the meaning.
consist of; be made up of; be composed of · be concluded; hold true; be valid · be viable; carry on; keep going
set off on a journey; depart · pass away; depart this life
get angry; become irritated
confront; face; stand up to; fight against
entering; going into
stand out; be prominent; be conspicuous
lead; take the lead · precede; go before; take precedence · die before (someone) · be a prerequisite
stand up; get up; rise to one's feet · recover; regain energy; rise again · take action; rise up; start doing · rise and charge (sumo) · start up; boot up (computer) · be established; be set up; be formed · rise (steam, smoke, etc.)
facial features; looks
reading while standing; browsing without buying
start; beginning; initial stage · pitcher's start; early-inning performance
departure; setting off on a journey
origin; formation; how something came about · structure; organization; makeup
fight; scuffle; brawl · walking about; moving around · conducting oneself; behavior; deportment · stroll (in Noh theater)
growth; development · early life; upbringing; personal history
drop in; stop by; drop by
irritation; annoyance; frustration
stand in the way; block the path · stand in the way; obstruct; hinder
departure; leaving; starting · standing
leave; depart; take one's leave
stalled; stranded; brought to a standstill · stumped; at a loss; speechless · dying while standing; dying on one's feet
handstand; headstand · being upside down; being reversed; being inverted
get irritated; get annoyed; lose patience
eviction; vacating
regain one's footing; get back on one's feet · recover; bounce back; rally
stand in a row; line up · be on a par with; equal
jump up; leap to one's feet; take off; fly away